BPB Reports

Paper Details

BPB Reports
Vol. 4 No. 5 p.148-154 2021
Report
Comparison of the Components of Three Types of Miso (Fermented Soybean Paste) by 1H NMR Metabolomic Analysis
  • Kazumi Sugihara (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University / sugihara380@gmail.com)
Masumi Motonaga 1) , Hiromitsu Watanabe 2) , Yoshitaka Tayama 1) , Ryo Shimizu 1) , Seigo Sanoh 3) , Yaichiro Kotake 2) , Shigeyuki Kitamura 4) , Shigeru Ohta 3) , Kazumi Sugihara 1)
1) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University , 2) Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University , 3) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University , 4) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University
Received: August 04, 2021;   Accepted: September 05, 2021;   Released: September 27, 2021
Keywords: 1H NMR metabolomic analysis, miso, multivariate analysis, fermented food
Abstracts

Miso is a traditional Japanese fermented food made by fermenting steamed soybean with koji (fermented cereals with Aspergillus oryzae). Many types of miso are produced in Japan, including miso with rice and/or barley depending on the region where it is produced. In this study, we used 1H NMR metabolomic analysis to compare the characteristics of the components (metabolites) of miso with different ingredients. Three types of miso were compared: soybean miso, rice miso, and barley miso. After measuring the 1H NMR of the aqueous solution of each miso, multivariate analysis of the spectral integration data was performed to compare the characteristic metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a separation between soybean miso and rice, barley miso. Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structure Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) extracted ethanol, saccharides such as glucose, and amino acids as metabolites contributing to the separation. Ethanol and glucose were higher in rice and barley miso, especially glucose in barley miso and ethanol in rice miso. Soybean miso was characterized by its high content of amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids. It was suggested that the characteristics of these ingredients were influenced not only by differences in ingredients, but also by the fermentation period and other factors. Although the number of metabolites that can be analyzed by 1H NMR metabolomic analysis is smaller than that by GC/MS or LC/MS, it does not require any pretreatment and is easy to measure, so it can be applied to the comparison of food components and quality control, as in the analysis of miso components.